National Research Council Canada's 2024-25 Departmental Results Report

• Description
• Quality of life impacts
• Progress on results
• Details on results
• Key risks
• Resources required to achieve results
• Related government priorities
• Program inventory

Results achieved

Driving innovation with quantum science and technology initiatives

Quantum science holds immense potential for transformative advancements, and the NRC is committed to harnessing its scientific expertise and collaborative partnerships to drive progress in this rapidly evolving field.

Aligned with the goals of Canada's National Quantum Strategy, which seeks to strengthen the country's leadership in quantum science by uniting government, academia and industry to advance quantum technologies, the NRC's research on programmable photonic quantum circuits represents a significant step forward. The researchers, including the recipient of the NRC's 2025 Luise & Gerhard Herzberg Fellowship, created a scalable platform for quantum information processing based on ultrafast photons. The architecture allowed for 362 highly stable and accurate quantum operations across up to 8 dimensions, which represents a meaningful leap in operational scope and stability over previous systems. This advancement showcases Canada's growing leadership in next-generation quantum technologies with real-world potential.

Also, the NRC, in collaboration with the University of Ottawa (uOttawa), developed PRUNe, a deep learning model that links quantum imaging and neural networks to address challenges such as quantum fluctuations and environmental challenges.

Further strengthening federal leadership in the quantum space, the NRC's Quantum Research and Development Initiative (QRDI) is advancing quantum research and innovation collaborations across government. QRDI fosters cross-sector innovation, including a June 2024 workshop that brought together more than 90 participants from multiple federal departments.

Building on this momentum, the International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS2024) was co-organized by the NRC, uOttawa and Carleton University. The event attracted more than 500 participants from around the world to focus on quantum technology advancements. The conference provided a platform for experts to share insights and collaborate on the future of quantum research, further supporting Canada's National Quantum Strategy and its goal to grow quantum technologies, companies, and talent.

The NRC is also advancing several Challenge programs, which are strategic initiatives designed to address Canada's most critical issues. These programs bring together dynamic, cross-sector teams from academia, industry and government to accelerate the development and application of quantum technologies across multiple sectors:

• As part of the Internet of Things: Quantum Sensors Challenge program, which aims to advance quantum technologies in collaboration with SMEs, 6 new projects were launched through a joint NRC-NSERC Alliance call. A notable highlight includes a partnership with the University of Alberta and an industry partner to develop airborne standoff quantum sensing for detecting methane leaks from pipelines. Collectively, the projects focus on key areas such as quantum metrology, imaging and semiconductors, supporting scientific discovery and future commercial applications.
• Through the Applied Quantum Computing Challenge program, the NRC launched 11 new research and innovation projects aimed at developing quantum algorithms that support real-world problem-solving. These projects, carried out in partnership with industry, academia and government, focus on accelerating innovation and applying quantum computing to practical needs in the public sector.
• The High-throughput and Secure Networks Challenge program launched 9 new projects in 2024–25 involving 31 partners, advancing technologies such as optical satellite communications, photonics, quantum communications and network metrology. Highlights include Carleton University's development of a testbed for satellite constellation design and NRC–uOttawa's AI-driven system for predicting atmospheric turbulence to improve control of quantum devices.
• The AI for Design Challenge program supported 10 new collaborative R&D projects, including work with Simon Fraser University on motion synthesis. A key achievement was the publication in Nature of a generative AI model for novel perovskite materials with clean tech applications.
• The NRC–University of Waterloo Collaboration Centre launched five projects at the intersection of AI, cybersecurity, and health care, selected through a competitive national call.
• The AI for Logistics Cluster Support Program brought together 30 collaborators to explore AI-driven logistics innovations, including smart mobility cybersecurity, route optimization and drone safety. Notably, the program developed a system for real-world testing of large drone swarms.

These initiatives reflect the NRC's commitment to strengthening Canada's position in both quantum and digital technologies, while building collaborative ecosystems that translate cutting-edge research into national advantage.

Advancing AI discovery and impactful digital technologies 

The NRC is advancing AI and digital technologies that are both commercially viable and socially responsible. By addressing the opportunities and risks associated with these technologies, the NRC contributes to the development of sound policies for their responsible use across a wide range of sectors, including defence, manufacturing, automotive and aerospace. This integrated approach helps align technological progress with Canadian values, fostering ethical innovation with transformative potential.

In November 2024, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada launched the Canadian AI Safety Institute, with the NRC leading key federal research efforts on AI safety and cybersecurity. In collaboration with international partners, the NRC's work complements ongoing initiatives by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research and national AI institutes.

During 2024–25, the NRC contributed to global AI safety networks by focusing on areas such as multilingual model evaluation, risk mitigation in AI systems and the detection of deepfakes. This work is essential to promoting the safe and trustworthy development of AI technologies in Canada.

Building on this foundation, NRC-led projects also addressed emerging risks posed by generative AI, including tools for detecting AI-generated content to help mitigate security threats and counter misinformation. At the same time, the NRC is advancing human-centred AI applications in priority sectors such as Canada's immigration and settlement services. These solutions aim to enhance service delivery while safeguarding vulnerable populations, underscoring the NRC's commitment to socially beneficial, ethical AI.

In 2024–25, the Artificial Intelligence for Design (AI4D) program launched 10 new collaborative projects to push the boundaries of AI while promoting ethical use in science and engineering. One of these projects explores ways to improve how AI supports scientific design, with a focus on reducing bias, such as stereotypes and gender bias, so that technologies better reflect principles of equity and inclusion.

The NRC also expanded its AI-driven research infrastructure by installing two self-driving labs at its advanced materials research facility in Mississauga. These state-of-the-art platforms use machine learning to accelerate the discovery of new battery materials and the development of more efficient processing methods, which will support Canada in reducing its reliance on imported critical minerals. Supported through the NRC's Critical Battery Materials Initiative, and developed in collaboration with Natural Resources Canada and industry partners, these platforms demonstrate the power of AI to fast-track sustainable innovation in Canada's clean energy sector.

Building on this work, the NRC is using generative AI to speed up research in high-impact areas such as health and energy. Working with universities and research partners, teams are advancing cancer vaccine research and developing alternative synthetic materials to reduce reliance on critical minerals used in batteries and solar panels. They are also supporting faster development of AI tools by improving computing and data systems, while helping drive progress in areas such as personalized health care and technologies that support aging at home.

Transforming research, industry and defence with AI 

The NRC is leading advancements in AI through its applied research efforts across multiple sectors. Through strategic collaboration in applied AI and data analytics, the NRC is helping to transform the automotive and aerospace industries, driving progress in industrial automation and smart manufacturing.

One noteworthy success is the commercialization of AI-SLAM technology for laser additive manufacturing by Braintoy, a Canadian SME. Deployed by industry partners Apollo and BCT, this technology is streamlining production processes and improving efficiency in real-world industrial settings.

As part of a Canada–Germany collaboration, the NRC developed an AI-powered ultrasonic imaging system to improve vehicle assembly quality by detecting hidden defects. It also worked with McGill University and industry partners to boost the accuracy and efficiency of 3D printing using AI-based process monitoring. These innovations support higher manufacturing quality and productivity.

Beyond industry, AI is also revolutionizing military and civilian operations. In particular, the NRC supported Defence Research and Development Canada and the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) in their efforts to enhance Arctic operations. Researchers are using AI to design smart structures that can change shape to adapt to their environment. This helps save fuel and makes equipment work better in harsh places like the Arctic. This shows how AI can deliver practical solutions in demanding and unpredictable conditions.

Developing the next generation of advanced systems and technologies

AI is transforming the landscape of advanced systems and technologies, enabling greater innovation, precision, and adaptability across sectors such as manufacturing, design, and defence. The NRC is at the forefront of this transformation, working in close partnership with academia and industry to push the boundaries of technological advancement.

In the area of smart manufacturing and materials, NRC-led innovations are improving efficiency and unlocking new capabilities:

• Welding cobots for the shop floor: Cobots are collaborative robots that are built to work with people. In collaboration with École Polytechnique de Montréal and industry partners, the NRC's METALTec industrial R&D group launched an intelligent welding cobot subsystem. Designed to work safely alongside humans, this system boosts speed and accuracy in manufacturing while freeing workers for more complex tasks. AI-powered models and a welding parameter database further enhance precision.
• Optical innovation: NRC researchers developed a method to 3D print high-quality polymer lenses with no visible layers, earning recognition in Optica and other publications.
• Next-generation fabrics: Working with Integran Technologies Inc., the NRC supported the launch of a nanocomposite roll-to-roll production system for advanced fabrics with tunable properties, moving toward commercial applications in aerospace, space and defence.
• Advanced alloys for emerging sectors: The NRC also introduced a new process for producing high entropy alloys with precise composition control that is opening doors for innovation in clean energy, defence and advanced manufacturing.

In the mining sector, the NRC expanded its predictive analytics tools to assess how well mine tailings can naturally capture carbon, as highlighted by Troilus Gold Corp.'s recent positive environmental study. The findings showed low acidity and strong neutralizing properties in the ore zones, supporting the potential for carbon capture.

Building on this success, the NRC is now applying these tools at other mine sites to better estimate their carbon mineralization potential and help improve the environmental and economic performance of future mining operations.

The NRC made additional breakthroughs in areas such as fiber optics, optical coatings, power sources for long-life batteries, small satellites, advanced lasers and high-performance transistors. One highlight, in collaboration with the University of Waterloo, was the development of a new design for quantum communication networks that could allow multiple users to securely share information at the same time. This research, published in EPJ Quantum Technology, shows how NRC scientists are helping to shape the future of secure communications.

In aerospace, the NRC achieved a key milestone by integrating Detect and Avoid technology into autonomous helicopters. This advancement significantly improves the safety and operational effectiveness of unmanned aerial systems. As part of efforts to enhance national security, the NRC also launched a Counter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (CUAV) initiative, which includes the development of a CUAV testbed and interceptor drones to help protect Canadian airspace from unauthorized threats.

Through these multifaceted efforts, the NRC is paving the way for advanced, reliable systems that meet the evolving demands of modern industry, infrastructure and national security.

Accelerating discovery through advanced astronomy infrastructure

The NRC is at the forefront of advancing astronomical research through cutting-edge technology and sophisticated data management and analysis tools.

One of its key initiatives is the ongoing upgrade of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) radio telescope. Here, the NRC is developing a next-generation digital signal processing system to replace the central correlator. This new system will combine signals from ALMA's 66 antennas to generate high-resolution images of celestial phenomena, significantly enhancing the telescope's observing speed and scientific reach. With the integration facility now ready and liquid cooling successfully tested on the TeraBox Server, the NRC's technology will push the limits of what ALMA can achieve.

Using advanced composite technology, the NRC is building innovative dish structures for the Canadian Hydrogen Observatory and Radio-transient Detector (CHORD) and creating jobs at its White Lake Basin facilities in British Columbia. When finished, CHORD will feature 640 dishes and will be a powerful tool in understanding the origin and evolution of magnetic fields in the universe—an as yet unsolved cosmological problem. It will also localize thousands of Fast Radio Bursts, short bursts of radio light that last only milliseconds, providing new insights into their nature and their potential as tools for exploring the universe.

The NRC will continue to manage and operate one of the most powerful digital science platforms for data-intensive astronomy in the world, the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC). Currently, the CADC hosts over 3 petabytes of data from more than 200 telescopes, offering researchers worldwide an open, cloud-based environment for large-scale data analysis. With the launch of the Euclid space telescope by the European Space Agency, the CADC now manages vast data archives aimed at unravelling the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy. This helps Canadian astronomers retain access to a broad range of observational wavelengths and leading-edge research infrastructure.

In addition, the CADC is playing a key role in preparing for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA)—a next-generation radio telescope that will be the largest and most powerful in the world. As part of this effort, the CADC is helping to develop the Canadian node of the SKA Regional Centre Network, which will allow astronomers to process and analyze SKA data using standard workstations. The CADC also supports large-scale, data-intensive research in astronomy and astrophysics by working closely with Canadian universities to provide public access to data from the Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.

Shaping the future of measurement standards 

As Canada's national metrology institute, the NRC continues to play a pivotal role in ensuring reliable and precise measurement standards that benefit society, the economy and the environment. In 2024–25, the NRC exceeded its targets for measurement services, reinforcing its leadership in scientific accuracy and technological innovation.

One area of focus has been the development of measurement standards for new and emerging technologies, especially in the growing field of quantum science.

The NRC's Metrology Research Centre has made exciting progress in environmental monitoring. It developed a new method for measuring black carbon that works without needing repeated calibration, making it easier and more reliable to track. The team also built a prototype instrument to measure how sunlight is absorbed and scattered across the full solar spectrum. These tools will improve climate models and support advances in renewable energy and atmospheric research. At the same time, improvements in specialized lab techniques are helping researchers measure critical minerals more precisely, which is important for ensuring efficient resource extraction and supporting the clean technologies that depend on them.

In the area of timekeeping, the NRC is contributing to international efforts to redefine the SI (International System of Units) second, which is the global standard for measuring time. Its strontium-based optical clock was recently accepted by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) for future steering of international time. This marks the first ion clock to achieve that status and highlights Canada's strong role in advancing precise time measurement.

Results achieved

Connecting research and industry to transform Canada's innovation landscape 

NRC IRAP, a cornerstone of Canada's innovation landscape for over 75 years, continues to support Canadian SMEs, offering invaluable advice, funding and connections. Collaborating closely with research centres and partners, NRC IRAP worked with 9,187 firms, supporting 23,208 jobs and providing $393.1 million to 3,136 SMEs to help them commercialize new products and services, and foster growth.

This funding included $76 million to 72 leading-edge SMEs under NRC IRAP's Large Value Contribution program, which offers strategic business and technical advice, and financial support of up to $10 million to help Canadian companies scale-up, enter new markets, and undertake R&D projects that can lead to substantial benefits to Canada. In total, NRC IRAP delivered 28,129 advisory services to help businesses make informed decisions and drive sustainable growth.

Esri Canada, for example, leveraged NRC IRAP funding for its ground-breaking Spatial Modelling Analytics & Real-time Tracking (SMART) Mobility project, which reduces urban traffic congestion by up to 15%. This collaboration positioned the firm as a global leader in smart mobility solutions and underscores Canada's pivotal role in driving sustainable urban technologies worldwide.

In 2024–25, NRC IRAP made significant strides by expanding its programming suite, launching specialized programs in AI and clean technology. With an investment of $100 million over 5 years announced in Budget 2024, NRC IRAP designed and launched the AI Assist program to benefit Canadian industry by increasing the competitiveness and innovation capacity of recipients through their accelerated development and deployment of AI. Within the program's first year, more than 325 projects were launched to support innovative Canadian SMEs to develop and deploy new AI-based solutions, with a particular focus on generative AI and deep learning.

In June 2024, the Government of Canada announced that Sustainable Development Technology Canada (SDTC) programming would transition to the NRC. Transition activities took place throughout 2024–25, culminating in the successful onboarding of 54 employees and the development of a new NRC IRAP Clean Technology stream. This new stream focuses on supporting SMEs in developing and commercializing clean technology solutions and strengthening Canada's economy while making meaningful contributions to national climate objectives.

To further bolster SME competitiveness, NRC IRAP established the Market and Technical Intelligence (MaTI) team in 2024–25. Created to identify target markets, strategic technologies and value chain opportunities, MaTI assembled a team of specialized experts, finalized a comprehensive research plan, and initiated key projects. These efforts aim to enhance NRC IRAP's service offerings and better align support with high-potential growth opportunities for Canadian SMEs.

The NRC also increased its support to promising SMEs. In 2024–25, the NRC conducted 409 R&D and technical projects valued at $43.3 million with 239 SME clients, which is a 26% increase in activity and engagement with Canadian SMEs compared to the previous year. These partnerships helped businesses integrate new technologies, improve competitiveness and advance Canada's sustainable economic development. In parallel, the NRC focused on identifying critical innovation needs in strategic value chains for Canada's socio-economic prosperity and security.

Accelerating low-carbon transportation and clean energy innovation

As Canada works toward its 2030 emissions reduction target and the longer-term goal of net-zero by 2050, the need for cleaner technologies across key sectors is becoming increasingly urgent. The NRC is supporting this transition by developing sustainable solutions that reduce energy use and emissions while improving performance.

In aerospace, the NRC collaborated with RTX's Pratt & Whitney Canada and the Innovative Vehicle Institute to develop an advanced high-voltage, bidirectional mobile charging unit (MCU) for the RTX hybrid-electric flight demonstrator project. This state-of-the-art charger, capable of delivering up to 280 kW and 1500 volts, aligns with emerging Megawatt Charging System standards and supports the growing demand for high-voltage power in electric and hybrid-electric aviation systems.

As part of its Materials for Clean Fuels Challenge program, the NRC advanced technologies to help turn carbon dioxide into useful products and support clean hydrogen production. Researchers developed new materials to capture and convert CO₂ into carbon monoxide and ethylene, and tested promising options for scaling up. The program also worked with Canadian company Next Hydrogen to improve catalysts for water electrolysis, a key process for producing clean hydrogen. In total, the program supported 24 research collaborations across academia, industry, and international partners to help accelerate the shift to low-carbon energy.

In agriculture, the NRC developed and tested lightweight composite materials for zero-emission farming equipment. These materials enhance durability while helping reduce emissions from heavy-duty equipment, supporting the shift to low-carbon agriculture practices.

One standout transportation project, CLIP Glazings, involved 7 companies working to replace traditional glass windows in vehicles with lighter, durable polymer alternatives. Coated using innovative techniques like plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition and magnetron sputtering, these new materials offer the same protection with 50% less weight. This would help reduce fuel consumption and GHG emissions by up to 160,000 tonnes per year. With applications in the automotive, marine, and aerospace sectors, this breakthrough also strengthens North America's supply chain for sustainable glazing.

Powering sustainable technology initiatives 

In 2024–2025, the NRC's Advanced Manufacturing Program launched new collaborative projects with Canadian universities and industry to advance clean technologies, smart manufacturing and high-performance components. These efforts aim to enhance energy storage systems, lightweight solutions and aerodynamic performance across key sectors.

Several additional advanced manufacturing projects delivered practical improvements for industry:

• Optimized aluminum extrusion processes, in collaboration with École de technologie supérieure, produced stronger, more corrosion-resistant and lightweight aluminum alloys for transportation and structural uses
• Autonomous mobile manipulation technologies enabled flexible manufacturing systems using mobile robots, helping factories adapt to changing production needs and reduce downtime.
• Improved production adaptability, in collaboration with the University of Guelph, supported more responsive, efficient and low-waste manufacturing environments
• Developed novel manufacturing techniques for composite, metallic and hybrid aerospace components, including automation for thermoplastic welding and robotic machining of aluminum parts
• High-performance protective coatings for aircraft landing gear, developed with École de technologie supérieure and Concordia University, offered a safer alternative to hexavalent chromium and enhanced corrosion resistance
• A cyber-physical production system, developed with Germany's Fraunhofer Institute, integrated digital and physical manufacturing tools to improve precision and efficiency in processes like friction stir welding and hot forming

Digital innovation remains a core priority for the NRC. In 2024–25, the Aerospace Research Centre advanced digital twin technologies to support smarter maintenance and reduce lifecycle costs for military and civilian aircraft. The NRC also deepened international collaborations in virtual testing to accelerate aeronautical product certification. Data collection for flight simulation models is helping lay the groundwork for more efficient, lower-cost virtual flight testing without compromising safety or performance.

Expanding global impact through innovation and collaboration

In 2024–25, the NRC continued to play a critical role in strengthening Canada's innovation economy by advancing cutting-edge technologies, supporting small businesses and forging key international partnerships.

At the heart of Canada's photonics ecosystem, the NRC's Canadian Photonics Fabrication Centre (CPFC) plays a key role in helping SMEs bring innovation from concept to market. Working with 15 client companies, CPFC provided essential engineering and manufacturing services to support product development. CPFC also actively promoted Canadian innovation by participating in domestic and international events, helping to strengthen Canada's position the global semiconductor supply chain.

The NRC is modernizing the CPFC to expand its role in the AI, quantum and semiconductor sectors. Two major new pieces of equipment were successfully installed in 2024–25, with 2 more slated for 2026. Alongside this investment, a new technology roadmap is guiding efforts to diversify CPFC's client base and reduce access barriers, which reinforces Canada's leadership in next-generation photonics technologies.

On the global stage, 2024–25 marked a banner year for international collaboration. The NRC deepened ties with strategic partners in key economies including the UK, Germany and Japan, and helped Canadian companies unlock new markets and innovation chains through 74 new international co-projects and building an additional 68 co-innovation Action Plan projects. These investments helped Canadian innovators access new markets and opportunities to scale up, while Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs) were signed with the UK's High Value Manufacturing Catapult, Quebec-based MiQro Innovation Collaborative Centre (C2MI) and Compound Semiconductor Applications Catapult to streamline photonic value chains and boost business networks.

The NRC also played a leading role in Canada's co-chairship with Germany of Eureka, the world's largest public network for R&D and innovation. From July 2024 to June 2025, Canada made history as the first non-European country to co-chair Eureka, showcasing its innovation leadership on a global platform. The NRC and Germany organized the Global Innovation Summit, coinciding with the Hannover Messe industrial fair, where Canada had partner country status. With over 900 participants from more than 50 countries, the summit spotlighted Canada's commitment to global collaboration, network sustainability, and technological leadership.

Also, the NRC played a key role in advancing Canada's association in Horizon Europe, the European Union's flagship research and innovation program. With NRC support as National Contact Point in select priority clusters, Canadian universities and companies gained greater access to collaborative R&D opportunities with European partners. The NRC also secured its first successful Horizon Europe project under the new association, focused on studying alternative fuels' impact on non-CO2 aviation emissions, improving modelling and providing data to shape future aviation policy.

Driving efficiency and sustainability in Canada's construction sector

The NRC's Construction Sector Digitalization and Productivity Challenge program supports Canada's transition to low-carbon construction by developing digital tools and promoting modern, efficient building practices. In 2024–25, the NRC advanced 30 collaborative projects with partners from academia, industry and government to explore new technologies, digital standards and best practices.

Highlights include support for a new national standard based on ISO 19650 to guide the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) across Canada. The NRC also published tools including the BIM maturity assessment guide and worked with BuildingSmart Canada to begin digitalizing the National Model Codes and establish a national data framework.

To address housing challenges, the NRC supported Canada's affordable housing priorities through its Construction Sector Digitalization and Productivity (CSDP) Challenge program by leading national R&D projects to scale up prefabricated housing. This included a case study comparing prefabricated and conventional construction methods in terms of productivity, cost and emissions to identify where prefabrication offers the greatest affordability gains. The NRC also hosted industry-led workshops to surface regulatory barriers and accelerate the adoption of these innovative building approaches.

The NRC also advanced efforts to decarbonize building practices by publishing practical tools and guidance such as the National Whole-Building Life Cycle Assessment Practitioner's Guide, now used across Canada and integrated into academic programs. Updates to the National Master Construction Specification introduced low-carbon design and construction solutions that support the industry's shift toward more sustainable practices.

The NRC's Low Carbon Built Environment Challenge program is helping reduce emissions in Canada's building sector. In 2024–25, the program launched a Centre of Excellence and delivered targeted tools, data and training to support low-carbon construction.

Key achievements:

• Launched the Centre of Excellence for Construction Life Cycle Assessment to provide expert support on measuring and reducing environmental impacts in buildings and infrastructure
• Co-developed the Building Toward Low Cost and Carbon report to showcase practical, affordable design alternatives for lowering embodied carbon in Canadian buildings
• Created 27 new regionally specific life cycle inventory datasets, in collaboration with the Cement Association of Canada and EcoInvent, tailored to Canadian building practices
• Supported 2 Zero Carbon Building Certifications (Canada Pension Centre and Shediac Multi-purpose Centre) in partnership with the Town of Shediac and NB Power
• Delivered national training workshops on whole building life cycle assessment to design professionals in collaboration with the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada

Results achieved

The NRC is driving forward national priorities by connecting its world-class researchers and facilities with partners across academia, industry and government. This collaborative model powers Canadian innovation by advancing vaccines, clean technologies and inclusive research that reflects the needs of all Canadians.

Expanding Canada's biomanufacturing leadership

In 2024–25, the NRC bolstered Canada's biomanufacturing capacity by completing and validating its new clinical trial material facility, enabling early-stage vaccine and biologic production. A successful mock run confirmed readiness and the facility is already attracting interest, with 2 R&D projects underway and 3 client requests in review. Through the Canada Biomedical Research Fund, the NRC also advanced pandemic preparedness by co-leading key initiatives such as Biologics RAMP-UP and collaborations in AI-driven antibody discovery, viral vector platforms and rapid diagnostic development.

The NRC further supported a more integrated national biomanufacturing network. As part of the Canadian Pandemic Preparedness Hub, it contributed to mapping national capabilities and gaps, aligned efforts with the Biologics Manufacturing Centre, and collaborated on real-world R&D challenges. NRC experts helped a Canadian SME resolve a complex bioprocessing issue and co-led a Canada–UK initiative to develop a next-generation antibody–drug conjugate platform.

Through its Disruptive Technology Solutions for Cell and Gene Therapy Challenge program, the NRC advanced 2 first-in-Canada CAR-T therapies into clinical development, creating new options for patients with leukemia, lymphoma and solid tumours. It also licensed a patent pending gene therapy for a rare genetic disorder to a Canadian company committed to domestic production and testing. The NRC also licensed its proprietary vaccine adjuvant technology to Glycovax Inc., a Canadian SME, and partnered with the company to scale-up promising vaccines, including one that targets hard-to-treat infections, leveraging NRC intellectual property.

Accelerating innovation in diagnostics and testing 

The NRC advanced its leadership in diagnostics and decentralized health technologies. Through the Collaborative Centre for Research and Applications in Fluidic Technologies, it partnered with Unity Health Toronto to create low-cost CRISPR-based devices that support faster and more accessible testing. This work led to the launch of a new biotech start-up and helped train talent now contributing across Canada's diagnostics and biotechnology sectors.

In collaboration with Canadian manufacturers and government agencies, the NRC also achieved the following:

• Increased production capacity for microfluidic blood analysis devices to support near-patient testing
• Co-developed a portable syphilis test with the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) that functions without laboratory equipment
• Designed a multi-virus diagnostic device with PHAC and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency to support public and animal health

The NRC clinically validated its bWell cognitive assessment platform for pediatric use and advanced its VitalSeer computer vision technology to support diagnostics for ADHD and cardiac conditions. These tools highlight how affordable, AI-enabled innovations can improve timely and inclusive care.

Under its Aging in Place Challenge program, the NRC supported 5 Canadian SMEs in advancing digital health and virtual care solutions. Key outcomes included cost-effective, non-invasive tools for health monitoring and cognitive assessment using technologies such as webcam-based eye-tracking and speech recognition. These solutions help meet the needs of aging populations while easing pressure on long-term care systems.

Transforming transportation and defence technologies 

The NRC made significant progress in transportation and national defence innovation. It launched a Driver-Hardware-in-the-Loop (DHIL) simulator to support performance testing of military vehicles in Arctic environments, in partnership with Defence Research and Development Canada through the Investigating the Capability and Enhancement of CAF Arctic Platforms (ICECAP) project.

Additional ICECAP activities included modelling, laboratory testing and field trials in the Arctic. These efforts led to new sensor systems, testing technologies and improved tools for Royal Canadian Navy operations and the Canadian Arctic Shipping Risk Assessment System. The DHIL simulator is also being used in the international SafeTrucks project, where the NRC is helping develop and commercialize winter safety technologies for commercial trucks.

To further support transportation infrastructure, the NRC partnered with Transport Canada to create an instrumented railcar platform. This mobile testbed gives shortline rail operators a cost-effective way to evaluate new technologies while also contributing data to modernize railway safety regulations and analytics.

In maritime and aerospace sectors, the NRC transferred advanced ship airflow tools to industry partners for the design of Canada's new River-Class Destroyer. It tested defence sensors under Arctic conditions, made progress in 3D printing of high-performance materials, supported NATO submarine rudder design, and developed better data tools to assist the Royal Canadian Air Force with equipment maintenance and diagnostics.

Climate-ready solutions for a resilient Canada

As climate risks increase, the NRC is helping Canada adapt through innovation in infrastructure, transportation, agriculture and marine systems. In 2024–25, it supported 80 projects through the Climate Resilient Built Environment Initiative, contributing to new wildfire protection and coastal risk standards, and helping update national bridge design guidance. It also monitored 19 municipal sites to evaluate how nature-based solutions mitigate flooding and erosion.

To improve food security, the NRC advanced climate-resilient agriculture through national breeding programs that apply AI, imaging and gene-editing tools. It partnered with universities, producer groups and Northern communities to enhance wild rice and blueberry cultivation in changing ecosystems. Modular growing stations such as the Growcer XL are helping expand sustainable food production in remote regions.

To accelerate the shift to zero-emission transportation, the NRC tested 21 lithium-ion batteries for e-bikes and e-scooters, contributing to national safety guidelines. It advised the RCMP on integrating electric vehicles into its fleet and address battery range concerns. The NRC also adapted vehicle airflow modelling tools to assess energy use in drones and simulate airflow in urban environments, helping pave the way for safe and efficient low-emission urban air mobility.

Working with Transport Canada, the NRC made progress on developing a national measurement standard for electric vehicle (EV) charging. It also began building a new facility to test high-voltage EV components, enhancing the safety and performance of Canada's electric transportation infrastructure.

To help decarbonize Canada's marine sector, the NRC supported the Canadian Coast Guard's fleet decarbonization plan, created digital tools for lower-emission operations and advised Transport Canada on future clean marine strategies. It also led national working groups on marine autonomy and tested fuel-efficient vessel designs with Canadian ship owners.

In ocean innovation, the NRC worked with First Nations and partners like Cascadia Seaweed and Merinov to restore kelp beds, model marine ecosystems and establish Canada's first seaweed breeding program. New marine monitoring stations off the coast of Nova Scotia now collect data that supports national efforts in climate adaptation and ocean conservation.

Together, these efforts position the NRC as a key player in building a more sustainable, climate-ready Canada, protecting natural ecosystems, supporting food systems and reinforcing vital public infrastructure.

Reconciliation in action

The NRC is advancing reconciliation by forging meaningful partnerships with Indigenous communities, researchers and innovators. By weaving together Indigenous and Western knowledge systems, it is helping reimagine research approaches and co-create solutions that reflect the needs and perspectives of all people living in Canada.

In 2024–25, the NRC launched an internal engagement guide to help staff integrate Indigenous priorities into research and operations. Through the Canadian Indigenous languages technology project, it developed text-to-speech systems in Kanienʼkéha, Plains Cree and SENĆOŦEN, addressing a critical gap in audio learning resources. New automatic speech recognition tools are helping communities unlock and use decades of untranscribed audio recordings, while interactive grammar tools in Oneida and SENĆOŦEN support language revitalization and instruction.

The NRC's Arctic and Northern Challenge program advanced technologies that address local priorities such as housing, health, food security and environmental monitoring. Projects included energy-efficient housing retrofits, virtual reality tools for mental health, ice-monitoring systems for food access and improved water management. The program's flexible, collaborative approach is helping Northern small and medium-sized enterprises grow, innovate and contribute to community well-being. A new round of development grants is already seeing increased uptake, thanks to simplified reporting, strong NRC support and inclusive review processes guided by a Northern-based advisory committee.

The Canada-Inuit Nunangat-United Kingdom (CINUK) research program concluded its research phase in 2025 with strong results. Of 6 NRC-supported projects, 4 secured follow-on funding. Outcomes included practical tools for mould detection, off-grid energy assessments, sea-ice safety and climate adaptation. The program also created local jobs, supported training and strengthened collaboration among Northern communities, Canadian and UK researchers, and policy partners.

The NRC remains committed to embedding equity, diversity and inclusion across its research, programs and operations. Through governance structures, staff engagement and targeted initiatives, the NRC continues to keep GBA Plus considerations at the forefront of how it works with and for all Canadians.

• Governance: The NRC's Secretary General serves as the GBA Plus Champion and represents the organization in federal networks, supported by a dedicated Focal Point who coordinates internal efforts. In 2024–25, the NRC provided guidance to staff, responded to GBA Plus enquiries and actively participated in interdepartmental working groups led by Women and Gender Equality Canada and Environment and Climate Change Canada.
• Capacity: In 2024–25, the NRC launched a new Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Strategy that focuses on embedding inclusion in program design and delivery alongside goals related to recruiting and advancing diverse talent, fostering an inclusive and anti-racist culture, addressing systemic barriers and ensuring measurable progress. This was supported by mandatory training for all staff on EDI fundamentals and unconscious bias, required training for supervisors on bias in hiring, anti-racism and targeted GBA Plus training, and an internal hub for resources. Quarterly Inclusive Innovation Community of Practice meetings also fostered ongoing dialogue on the NRC's internal and external impacts.
• Indigenous engagement: In alignment with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's Calls to Action, the NRC continued to build intercultural competency as a foundation for long-term relationships with First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities. In 2024–25, the Indigenous Strategy and Engagement team advanced awareness and coordination of Indigenous engagement efforts across the organization.
• GBA Plus data collection plans: The NRC continued to implement its Accessibility Plan 2023–25 by tracking action items through the Special Purpose Real Property Program. Since the addition of GBA Plus criteria in 2023–24 to help make infrastructure decisions more inclusive, data collection was underway in 2024–25 for current revitalization projects, with new proposals expected to begin reporting in 2025–26.

In 2024–25, the NRC made notable contributions to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals identified in Canada's Federal Sustainable Development Strategy. The NRC's work supported progress on the following goals:

• Climate Action
• Affordable and Clean Energy
• Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
• Sustainable Cities and Communities
• Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth
• Responsible Consumption and Production
• Advancing Reconciliation

Achievements include advancing climate-resilient infrastructure and agriculture, expanding clean technology R&D, supporting Indigenous-led innovation and accelerating inclusive economic growth through targeted support for SMEs. The NRC also helped reduce environmental impacts by enabling more sustainable production methods and promoting circular economy approaches.

More information on the NRC's contributions to Canada's Federal Implementation Plan on the 2030 Agenda and the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy can be found in our Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy.

• Description
• Progress on results
• Resources required to achieve results
• Contracts awarded to Indigenous businesses

• Spending
• Funding
• Financial statement highlights
• Human resources

The NRC's actual spending of $1,708.0M in 2024–25 represents an increase of $182.0M from the $1,526.0M spent in 2023–24. This increase is primarily due to increasing payroll costs and an increase in spending on Infrastructure, procurement, information management and information technology.

Actual spending of $1,708.0M in 2024–25 in comparison to planned spending of $1,595.1M represents an overall increase of $112.9M (7.0%). The variance is primarily due to funding for new programs received during the supplementary estimates, additional payroll costs including retroactive payments resulting from new collective bargaining agreements, and the transfer of SDTC funding and personnel to the NRC.

Table 9: Summary of NRC spending and year-over-year variances (dollars)

Table 9 summarizes 2024–25 spending and year-over-year variances.

Consult the Public Accounts of Canada further information on the NRC's departmental voted and statutory expenditures.

Graph 2 includes the following information in a pie chart:

Graph 3 includes the following information in a pie chart:

Graph 4 includes the following information in a pie chart:

Graph 5 includes the following information in a pie chart:

Table 14 shows a summary in full-time equivalents of human resources for the NRC's program areas for the previous 3 fiscal years.

The NRC's actual 2024–25 FTEs (4,504.7) increased by 181.5 full-time equivalents (FTEs) (4.2%) when compared to 2023–24 (4,323.2). A significant portion of this increase is related to increased FTEs within procurement, information management and information technology groups. There were also increases within NRC IRAP and several research centres that received funding for new programs.

Appropriate minister: The Honourable Mélanie Joly, P.C., M.P., Minister of Industry and Minister responsible for Canada Economic Development for Quebec Regions

Institutional head: Mitch Davies

Ministerial portfolio: Innovation, Science and Economic Development

Enabling instrument: National Research Council Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-15

Year of incorporation / commencement: 1916

Other:

The NRC is a departmental corporation of the Government of Canada, reporting to Parliament through the Minister of Industry. The NRC works in partnership with members of the Innovation, Science and Economic Development Portfolio to leverage complementary resources to promote research and integrated innovation, exploit synergies in key scientific and technological areas, promote SME growth and contribute to Canadian economic growth.

The NRC's Council provides independent strategic advice to the NRC president and reviews organizational performance. The president provides leadership and strategic management and is responsible achieving the NRC's long-range goals and plans in alignment with government priorities.

Each of the NRC's vice-presidents is responsible for a number of areas composed of programs and research initiatives, research centres, the NRC Industrial Research Assistance Program and/or a corporate branch. Vice-presidents and NRC managers are responsible for executing plans and priorities to support successful achievement of objectives.

Mailing address:

National Research Council Canada 
1200 Montreal Road, 
Building M-58 
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6

Telephone: 613-993-9101 or toll-free 1-877-NRC-CNRC (1-877-672-2672)

Fax: 613-991-9096

Email: info@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca

Website: nrc.canada.ca

appropriation (crédit)

Any authority of Parliament to pay money out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund.

budgetary expenditures (dépenses budgétaires)

Operating and capital expenditures; transfer payments to other levels of government, departments or individuals; and payments to Crown corporations.

core responsibility (responsabilité essentielle)

An enduring function or role of a department. The departmental results listed for a core responsibility reflect the outcomes that the department seeks to influence or achieve.

Departmental Plan (plan ministériel)

A report that outlines the anticipated activities and expected performance of an appropriated department over a 3-year period. Departmental Plans are usually tabled in Parliament in spring.

departmental priority (priorité)

A plan, project or activity that a department focuses and reports on during a specific planning period. Priorities represent the most important things to be done or those to be addressed first to help achieve the desired departmental results.

departmental result(résultat ministériel)

A high-level outcome related to the core responsibilities of a department.

departmental result indicator (indicateur de résultat ministériel)

A quantitative or qualitative measure that assesses progress toward a departmental result.

departmental results framework (cadre ministériel des résultats)

A framework that connects the department's core responsibilities to its departmental results and departmental result indicators.

Departmental Results Report (rapport sur les résultats ministériels)

A report outlining a department's accomplishments against the plans, priorities and expected results set out in the corresponding Departmental Plan.

Full-time equivalent (équivalent temps plein)

Measures the person years in a departmental budget. An employee's scheduled hours per week divided by the employer's hours for a full-time workweek calculates a full-time equivalent. For example, an employee who works 20 hours in a 40-hour standard workweek represents a 0.5 full-time equivalent.

Gender-based Analysis Plus (GBA Plus) (analyse comparative entre les sexes plus [ACS Plus])

An analytical tool that helps to understand the ways diverse individuals experience policies, programs and other initiatives. Applying GBA Plus to policies, programs and other initiatives helps to identify the different needs of the people affected, the ways to be more responsive and inclusive and the methods to anticipate and mitigate potential barriers to accessing or benefitting from the initiative. GBA Plus goes beyond biological (sex) and socio-cultural (gender) differences to consider other factors, such as age, disability, education, ethnicity, economic status, geography (including rurality), language, race, religion and sexual orientation.

government priorities (priorités pangouvernementales)

For the purpose of the 2024–25 Departmental Results Report, government priorities are the high-level themes outlining the government's agenda as announced in the most recent Speech from the Throne.

horizontal initiative (initiative horizontale)

A program, project or other initiative where two or more federal departments receive funding to work collaboratively on a shared outcome usually linked to a government priority, and where the ministers involved agree to designate it as horizontal. Specific reporting requirements apply, including that the lead department must report on combined expenditures and results.

Indigenous business (entreprise autochtones)

For the purposes of a Departmental Result Report, this includes any entity that meets the Indigenous Services Canada's criteria of being owned and operated by Elders, band and tribal councils, registered in the Indigenous Business Directory or registered on a modern treaty beneficiary business list.

non‑budgetary expenditures (dépenses non budgétaires)

Net outlays and receipts related to loans, investments and advances, which change the composition of the financial assets of the Government of Canada.

performance (rendement)

What a department did with its resources to achieve its results, how well those results compare to what the department intended to achieve, and how well lessons learned have been identified.

performance indicator (indicateur de rendement)

A qualitative or quantitative measure that assesses progress toward a departmental-level or program-level result, or the expected outputs or outcomes of a program, policy or initiative.

plan (plan)

The articulation of strategic choices, which provides information on how a department intends to achieve its priorities and associated results. Generally, a plan will explain the logic behind the strategies chosen and tend to focus on actions that lead to the expected result.

planned spending (dépenses prévues)

For Departmental Plans and Departmental Results Reports, planned spending refers to the amounts presented in Main Estimates. Departments must determine their planned spending and be able to defend the financial numbers presented in their Departmental Plans and Departmental Results Reports.

program (programme)

An individual, group, or combination of services and activities managed together within a department and focused on a specific set of outputs, outcomes or service levels.

program inventory (répertoire des programmes)

A listing that identifies all the department's programs and the resources that contribute to delivering on the department's core responsibilities and achieving its results.

result (résultat)

An outcome or output related to the activities of a department, policy, program or initiative.

statutory expenditures (dépenses législatives)

Spending approved through legislation passed in Parliament, other than appropriation acts. The legislation sets out the purpose and the terms and conditions of the expenditures.

target (cible)

A quantitative or qualitative, measurable goal that a department, program or initiative plans to achieve within a specified time period.

voted expenditures (dépenses votées)

Spending approved annually through an appropriation act passed in Parliament. The vote also outlines the conditions that govern the spending.